Tugas ke-1 Bahasa Inggris Bisnis 2#

Answer is exercise Conditional Sentences

Exercise 21

1.      Were understand

2.      Wouldn’t have been

3.      Will give

4.      Would have told

5.      Would have been

6.      Had

7.      Could stop

8.      Were need

9.      Would have found

10.  Enjoyed

11.  Paint

12.  Were

13.  Has write

14.  Could have permitted

15.  Were spending

16.  Will accept

17.  Has buy

18.  Has decided

19.  Would have written

20.  Will leak

21.  Has studied

22.  Has near

23.  See

24.  Has get

25.  Turn

26.  Were

27.  Would have called

28.  Would have talked

29.  Explained

30.  Spoke

Exercise 22

1.      Eating

2.      Eat

3.      Swim

4.      Like

5.      Speaking

6.      Studying

7.      Dance

8.      Sleeping

9.      Eating

10.  Eating

Exercise 23

1.      Stay

2.      Have stayed

3.      Work

4.      Study

5.      Not study

6.      Have

7.      Had stood

8.      Not cook

9.      Hadn’t arrived

10.  Have slept

Exercise 24

1.      Should have ha

2.      Must have been

3.      Must have damaged

4.      Must not have parked

5.      Must have studied

6.      Should have studied

7.      Must have been

8.      Should have deposited

9.      Must have forgotten

10.  Must not have studied

Exercise 25

1.      I would

2.      Would have gone

3.      May have had

4.      Should have done

5.      Must have forgotten

6.      May have slept

7.      Might have had

8.      Could have lost

9.      Shouldn’t have driven

10.  May have run

    Pengertian Conditional Sentences adalah kalimat bersyarat. Kalimat ini memiliki dua klausa-induk kalimat dan anak-kalimat yang dihubungkan dengan menggunakan "IF". Kalimat ini memiliki makna "seandainya" atau "jika". Di dalam bahasa Inggris, tipe kalimat ini dibagi menjadi 3, yaitu :

1. First Conditional

2. Second Conditional

3. Third Conditional

A. FIRST CONDITIONAL

1. Susunan

If + S + V1, S + will + V1 + O

Contoh :

a. If I see Barlie, I will tell him.

    (Jika saya bertemu Barlie, saya akan mengatakan kepadanya.)

b. If Julie is free tomorrow, he will invite her.

    (Jika Julie libur besok, dia akan mengundangnya.)

c. If it rains tomorrow, will you stay at home?

    (Jika besok hujan, apakah kamu akan diam di rumah?)

d. If it rains tomorrow, what will you do?

    (Jika besok hujan, apa yang akan kamu lakukan?

2. Makna

Kalimat dalam konstruksi ini berarti mungkin benar-benar terjadi jika syratnya terpenuhi. Oleh karena itu, makna kalimat ini disebut sebagai possibility (kemungkinan). Pemaknaan kalimat pada tipe ini dapat disusun sebagai berikut :

S + may + V1 + that + S + may + V1 + O

Dalam pola susunan tersebut, kalimat-kalimat contoh di atas dapat diuraikan maknanya menjadi berikut :

a. I may see Barlie that I may tell him.

b. Julie may be free tomorrow that he may invite her.

c. It may rain tomorrow, may you stay at home?

d. It may rain tomorrow, what may you do?

B. SECOND CONDITIONAL

1. Susunan

If + S + V2, S + would + V1 + O

Contoh :
a. If I married Rania, I would be happy.
   (Jika saya menikah dengan Rania, Saya akan senang.)
b. If Jack became rich, he would marry her.
   (Jika Jack menjadi kaya, dia akan menikahinya.)
c. If it snowed next July, what would you do?
   (Jika musim salju bulan July yang akan datang, apa yang akan kamu lakukan?)

2. Makna

Apa yang dikatakan dalam induk kalimat tidak pernah terjadi karena syarat yang dikatakan dalam anak kalimat tidak terpenuhi. Oleh karena itu, kalimat ini disebut sebagai Unreal Present. Tenses untuk makna kalimatnya berubah dan polanya disusun sebagai berikut :

S + don’t/doesn’t + V + that + S + will not + V1 + O

 Dalam pola susunan tersebut, kalimat-kalimat contoh di atas dapat diuraikan maknanya menjadi berikut :

a. I don't marry Rania that I am not happy.

b. Jack doesn't become rich that he will not marry her.

c. It doesn't snow next July, what do you do?

C. THIRD CONDITIONAL

1. Susunan

If + S  + had + V3, S + would have + V3 + O

Contoh :
a. If I had seen Diana, I would have told her.
   (Jika saya bertemu Diana, saya akan mengatakan padanya.)
b. If it had rained yesterday, would you have stayed at home?
   (Jika kemarin hujan, akankah kamu tinggal di rumah?)
c. If Shinta had been free yesterday, I would have invited her.)
   (Jika Shinta libur kemarin, saya akan mengundangnya.)

2. Makna

Apa yang dikatakan dalam induk kalimat tidak pernah terjadi karena kalimat syarat yang dikatakan dalam anak kalimat tidak pernah terpenuhi. Karena dinyatakan dalam bentuk Past Tense, kalimat ini disebut sebagai Unreal Past. Tenses untuk makna kalimatnya juga berubah :

S + didn’t + V1 + that + S + would not + V1 + O

Dalam pola susunan tersebut, kalimat-kalimat contoh di atas dapat diuraikan maknanya menjadi berikut :

a. I didn't see Diana that I would not tell her.

b. It didn't rain yesterday did you stay at home?

c. Shinta wasn't free yesterday that I would not invite her.

About Consosional Sentence

Conditional Sentence (Kalimat pengandaian) adalah kalimat yang digunakan untuk menyatakan sesuatu yang mungkin terjadi atau mungkin tidak terjadi seperti pengandaian yang terdiri atas dua bagian, yaitu man clause (induk kalimat) dan if clause (anak kalimat). Dalam if clause terkandung syarat-syarat yang harus dipenuhi agar keadaan seperti terkandung dalam main clause dapat terwujud. Oleh karena itu, conditional sentences disebut juga kalimat bersyarat.

Conditional Sentences atau kalimat pengandaian terdiri dari dua jenis yaitu resl conditional (nyata) dan unreal (tidak nyata). Conditional Sentences pada umumnya memiliki ciri-ciri sebagai berikut:

a.       Digunakannya if dalam anak kalimat (Subordinate Clause). Karena clause ini diawali oleh if maka disebut in clause.

b.      Digunakannya Modal Auxiliary, seperti will, can, may, must, would, could, might, maka disebut pokok kalimat (main clause).

Ada beberapa tipe Condotional Sentence, yaitu:

1.      Type I: Future Conditional

2.      Type II: Present Conditional

3.      Type III: Past Conditional

A.    Type I: Future Conditional

Kalimat ini mengungkapkan kejadian yang diharapkan akan terjadi di masa yang akan datang dan memiliki kemungkinan untuk terjadi. (porable condition)

Pola:    If + S + Verb (present), S + future tense atau

            S + future tense, If + S + future tense

Contoh:

1.      If she comes, I will give her the message.

2.      If you study hard, you will pass the final exam.

3.      If she wins the competition, they will give her a gold medal.

B.     Type III: Present Conditional

Kalimat ini menyatakan peristiwa yang diharapkan terjadi sekarang tetapi tidak terjadi. (Improbable Condition)

Pola:    If + S + Verb 2 / were + S + would + Verb 1 If + S + V2, Subject + Past Future

      Contoh:

1.      If she visited me, I would give her money.

2.      If I had enough time, I would go fishing.

3.      If you were a sugar, I would be a ant.

Catatan: Pada tipe ini, to be untuk semua subyek pada IF clause adalah WERE.

C.     Type III: Past Conditional

Kalimat ini menyatakan peristiwa yang diharapkan terjadi di waktu lampau, tetapi tidak terjadi. (impossible condition)

Pola:    If + S + Past Perfect + S + Past Perfect Future + V3 + Subject + Past Perfect Future, If + S + Past Perfect + V3

Contoh:

1.      If he had studied hard, he would have passed the final exam.

2.      If the team had played well, it would have won the competition.

3.      If Alter Bridge had been here, I would have been very happy.

·         Pengertian Conditional Type I adalah kalimat pengandaian yang digunakan ketika result/consequence (hasil) dari condition (syarat) memiliki kemungkinan untuk terwujud karena condotion-nya realistik untuk dipenuhi di masa depan.

·         Rumus Conditional Type I ini dapat dilihat sebagai berikut dibawah ini.

·         If + Condition Result/Consequence if + simple present, will + bare infinitive atau rumus tanpa menggunakan koma:

·         Result/Consequence + If + simple present – If + condition

·         Rumus: If dan Help, not dapat digantikan dengan unless.

(+) If I have free time, I will go swimming. I will go swimming if I have free time. If the bell rings, I’II go home. I’II go home if the bell rings.

(-) If you do finish your homework, your teacher will be angry. Your teacher will be angry if you do not finish your homework. If he doesn’t come, I won’t be angry. I won’t be angry if he doesn’t come. Unless he comes, I will not be angry. I will not be angry unless he comes. If he comes, I won’t be angry. I won’t be angry he comes.

(?) if they invite you, will you come? Will you come if they invite you?

·         Pengertian Contitional Type II adalah kalimat pengandaian yang digunakan ketika result dari condition tidak memiliki atau hanya sedikit kemungkinan untuk terwujud karena conditionnya tidak mungkin dipenuhi dimasa sekarang atau condition-nya sulit dipenuhi dimasa depan.

·         Rumus Conditional Type II sebagai berikut: IF + simple past, would/could/might + bare infinitive atau

·         Rumus tanpa menggunakan koma: Result/consequence + If + condition

·         Were menggantikan Was

·         Pada Conditional Type II, were digunakan dengan menggatikan was meskipun subyek yang digunakan merupakan pronoun: she, he, it, maupun kata benda tunggal. Hal ini untuk menunjukkan bahwa pengandaiannya benar-benar hanya berupa khayalan semata karena condition-nya tidak mungkin dipenuhi.

·         If + condition, result/consequence if + S + were, would (could/might) + bere infinitive

(+) If it rained tomorrow, I would sleep all day. He would sleep all day if it rained tomorrow. But I don’t have much hope it will rain.

If Nisa studied hard, she would pass. Nisa would pass if she studied hard. But Nisa doesn’t study hard. If I had much money, I would buy a sport car.

I would buy a sport car if I had much money. But I don’t have much money. If I ware a milionaire, I would donate my money to charity. I would donate my money to charity if I were a milionaire. But I’m not a milionaire

(-) If Nisa didn’t study hard, she wouldn’t be passed. Nisa wouldn’t be passed if she didin’t study hard. But Nisa studies hard. If Nisa studied hard, she wouldn’t fail.

Nisa would fail If she didn’t study hard. Nisa would fail unless she studied hard.

If I were a milionaire, I wouldn’t donate my money to charity. I wouldn’t donate my money to charity if I were a milionaire.

(?) if Nisa didn’t sudy hard, would she fail? Would Nisa fail if she didin’t study hard?

If I had much money, would I buy a sport car? Would I buy a sport car if I had much money?

If I were a milionaire, would I donate my money to charity? Would I donate my money to charity if I were a milionaire?

·         Pengertian Conditional Type III adalah kalimat pengandaian yang digunakan ketika result dan cindition tidak ada kemungkinan untuk terwujud karena condition-nya harus sudah dipenuhi dimasa lalu.

·         Rumus Conditional Type III sebagai berikut: If + condition, result/consequence i + pas perfect, would/should/could/might + bare infinitive atau

·         Result/consequence + If + condition would/should/could/might + bare infinitive + if + past perfect

·       (+) If you had remembered to invite me, I would have attended your party. I would have attended your party if you had remembered to invite me.

(-) If the waitress had been careful, she wouldn’t have broke many plates. She wouldn’t have broke many plates if the waitress had been careful.

(?) If he had asked for forgiveness, would you have forgived him? Would you have forgived him if he had asked for forgiveness.

Sumber:

http://www.kursusmudahbahasainggris.com/2013/10/pengertian-tipe-susunan-makna-dan.html#ixzz3UcrJIMEI

https://www.freelancer.co.id/jobs/artikel-conditional/